Allan mason



(No Model.)

A. MASON. APPARATUS FOR BURNING GOAL AND HYDROUARBON FUEL INGOMBINATION. No. 488,852. Patented 0013.21, 1890.

WITNESSES k INVENTDFQ n4: News PETERS cm, mow-1mm. wasumemn, n. c.

UNIT D STATES ALLAN MASON. OF

PATENT Orricn.

TRUSTEE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING COAL AND HYDROCARBON FUEL lN COMBINATlON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 438,852, dated October21, 1890.

Application filed March 8, 1888. Serial No. 266,557. (No model.)

- To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, ALLAN h/IASON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for BurningCoal w ings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which forma part of this specification.

My improved apparatus for burning coal and hydrocarbon fuel incombination consists of contrivances for burning the oil or oil vaporsor gas in one or more suitable burners therefor located in thefurnace-chamber so mewhat higher than the ash-pit, with amplesurrounding space for the ashes to descend into the pit without cloggingthese burners, and at the same time maintaining a fire of coal aroundand above the oil or vapor burner or burners with pulverized coal atomsin suspension and general distribution throughout the chamber, togetherwith the requisite amount of air for the support of combustion, so thatthe mixture and union of atoms is in process of operation among andthroughout the moving particles in all the space and in far greateramount and intensity than as burned in a mass or bed on the coal-grate,with correspondingly more effective or perfect combustion and greaterproduction and intensity of heat in a given space. In the apparatus bywhich air jets or blasts may be introduced in such manner as to producecurrents,counter-currents, eddies, and cycles calculated to bear up anddistribute the coal till consumed, the coal being preferably introducedalong with and by said jets, but may be otherwise introduced, ifdesired, and for supplying the oil or other hydrocarbon or gas fuel, Iwill employ sectional burners for the oil or gasthat is, burners locatedin different sect-ions or localities of the lower portion of the furnacechamber-with ample space between and below them for the precipitation ofthe ashes below them from the coal fire, all as hereinafter described,reference being made to the accompanying drawings, the apparatus beingthe same as is represented in another appli cess or method of operation.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of an ordinaryboiler-furnace with apparatus for injecting and maintaining thesuspension of the coal atoms, together with apparatus for maintaining asectional auxiliary fire of hydrocarbon fuel in the lower portion of thecombustion-chamber. Fig. 2 is a trans verse sectional elevation of alocomotiveboiler furnace with similar apparatus. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection of Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1, a represents an ordinary returnflue boiler; b, thecombustion-chamber of the the flue back of the bridge-wall g. In such afurnace I provide deflectors h 'i j, of refractory material, as shown,or in any approved arrangement, with an injector is for air to be ber bya fan I or other means, and coal-dust charged into the air-spout by ascrew-feeder m or other means, to be carried along for feeding thefurnace and for being mixed and for combustion by it. It will be seenthat the blast first traverses the chamber a little above the ash-pit,spreading more or'less. Then it is turned upward violently by thedeflector h, and, coming in contact with deflector 11, is then projectedforward against deflector j, which turns it downward into the incomingblast, which takes along with it any yet unconsumed particles andprevents them from falling into the ash-pit. It will also be seen thatthese appliances may be readily fitted to a common boiler-furnacealready in use withreadily removed.

For adaptation of the same method of consuming coal atoms in suspensionto the combustion-chamber h of a locomotive-boiler fireous branches isentering near each side from below the side walls of the fire-box andprocation now pending, in which I claim the profurnace; d, thefire-door; e, the ash-pit, and f out material expense of fitting and maybe as box n, the injecting-nozzle may have numerforced in, preferably,at the back of the chamcombined with the air and held in suspension jecting upward into the opposite angles so as of interruption to which itis liable by irreguto meet over the center of the chamber and producegyrating cycles by their counter action adapted to maintain thesuspension of the coal atoms until consumed. By this method all thecombustible matters in the coal will be effectually consumed withgreater economy of fuel, and an especial advantage is gained in thetotal prevention of clinker and slag. What ash is developed may fall inpart into the ash-pit through some localities where the eddies favor it,while some may be carried over the bridge-wall and descend where thecycles have less suspending effect. Together with the fire of coal atomsthus maintained throughoutthe chamber, generally, I combine also anauxiliaryfire of hydrocarbon or gas fuel in various ways, as ordinarygasburners in the lower portion of the furnace at or about the localityof the ordinary fire-bed, or one or more injector-burners for thepurpose of renewing the fire of coal-dust in cases larity or clogging ofthe feed and other ca uses, and also of adding to the capacity of thefurnace for useful effect. As an ordinary fire of uniform spread overthe area of the chamber would fail of this purpose, because it wouldsoon be clogged with ashes from the fire above, I employ sectional orseparate burners p, with wide spaces between them, through which thefalling ashes from the upper fire may descend into the pit, said burnersbeing of such limited transverse extent as that the ascending currentsfrom them will turn awayinto the pit such matters as might tend to fallinto them, and thus be self-p rotectin g so far as the falling mattersof the upper fire are concerned. These burners may consist oftrough-shaped drawers p, adapted to slide in and out of the furnacethrough one side for withdrawing them from time to time for clearing andrepairs; but it is not essential to have them draw out. To these troughsoil maybe supplied by suitable feed-pipes s from any suitable source ofsupply. The troughs will be perforated in the upper portions of thesides for the supply of air, and the upper edges will preferably beflanged over horizon tally, as at t, which flanges will be perforatedwith numerous small holes, through which air will be distributed in jets1 from below for the better ad mixture with the gases and vapors risingfrom the burners. The troughs will also be covered with wire gauze u andwill be charged with refractory or refractory and absorbent material, asporous stone or asbestos W, some portions of which may extend up throughholes in the wire-gauze for wicks 00 to take up the oil and vapors.

I am aware that coal and oil have been burned or attempted to be burnedby injecting oil upon the coal-bed in the furnace-chant ber, which, itis to be noted, is the reverse of the improved process which I elaimthatis, injecting the (pulverized) coal into, upon, or above the oil fire.\Vhen oil is projected on acoal fire to be consumed, it seems tosuddenly extract from the coal the more volatile portions, which consumereadily and leave it hard and slatey, which residue does notburnreadily, but soon dies out and has been found impractical and soineffective as to be too expensive as compared with coal alone in theusual methods.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a furnace-chamber, of an air andpulverized-coal injector and a series of hydrocarbon-burners separatelyarranged in the lower portion of the chamber, but above a lower spacefor reception of ashes, and with intervals of space between them,through which the ashes are precipitated into the space below,substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a furnace-chainber, of an air andpulverized-coal injector and a series of oil-burners separately arrangedwith intervals of space between them and a space below for reception ofthe ashes, said burners consisting of trough-shaped drawers orreceptacles and being covered with reticulated material having one ormore burnerwick openings, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALLAN MASON.

Witnesses:

W. J. MORGAN, A. P. THAYER.

